|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
気体とその性質 |
|
列1 |
列2 |
列3 |
列4 |
列5 |
列6 |
列7 |
列8 |
列9 |
番号 |
|
気体名 |
密度(g/L)20℃ |
色・臭い |
水への溶けやすさ |
気体の集め方 |
用途、発生方法など |
1 |
8 |
|
水素 |
0.08 |
無色、無臭 |
溶けにくい |
水上、上方置換法 |
空気中で火を近づけると爆発、水滴ができる。金属に塩酸を入れると発生する。 |
2 |
26 |
|
ヘリウム |
0.17 |
無色、無臭 |
溶けにくい |
水上、上方置換法 |
密度が小さな気体、風船に入れると浮く。 |
3 |
76 |
|
メタン |
0.67 |
無色、無臭 |
溶けにくい |
水上、上方置換法 |
有機物である。沼などで、泡となって出る |
4 |
81 |
|
アンモニア |
0.72 |
無色、刺激臭 |
非常に溶けやすい(アルカリ性) |
上方置換法 |
水のついた赤色リトマス紙を青くする。塩化アンモニウム、水酸化ナトリウムと少量の水で発生。有毒 |
5 |
125 |
|
窒素 |
1.15 |
無色、無臭 |
溶けにくい |
水上置換法 |
空気の80%、ガソリンエンジンで二酸化窒素ができ、空気汚染の原因 |
6 |
126 |
|
一酸化炭素 |
1.16 |
無色、無臭 |
溶けにくい |
水上置換法 |
有機物の不完全燃焼で発生。有毒 |
7 |
130 |
|
※空気(混合物) |
1.2 |
ー |
ー |
|
窒素、酸素、アルゴン、水蒸気、二酸化炭素などの混合物 |
8 |
143 |
|
酸素 |
1.33 |
無色、無臭 |
溶けにくい |
水上置換法 |
ものを燃やす。空気の20%。オキシドールに二酸化マンガンを入れると発生。 |
9 |
153 |
|
硫化水素 |
1.43 |
無色、腐卵臭 |
溶けやすい(酸性) |
下方置換法 |
有毒。火山ガスの成分。腐卵臭がする。 |
10 |
163 |
|
塩化水素 |
1.53 |
無色、刺激臭 |
非常に溶けやすい(酸性) |
下方置換法 |
水のついた青色リトマス紙を赤くする。有毒 |
11 |
194 |
|
二酸化炭素 |
1.84 |
無色、無臭 |
少し溶ける(酸性) |
水上、下方置換法 |
石灰水を白く濁らせる。塩酸に石灰石を入れると発生する。 |
12 |
300 |
|
塩素 |
2.9 |
黄緑色、刺激臭 |
溶けやすい(酸性) |
下方置換法 |
脱色作用(インクの色が消える)。殺菌作用 有毒 |
13 |
1 |
|
|
0.01 |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
0.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
0.03 |
|
|
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
0.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
0.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
0.06 |
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
0.07 |
|
|
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
0.09 |
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
0.01 |
|
|
|
|
|
11 |
|
|
0.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
12 |
|
|
0.03 |
|
|
|
|
|
13 |
|
|
0.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
0.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
0.06 |
|
|
|
|
|
16 |
|
|
0.07 |
|
|
|
|
|
17 |
|
|
0.08 |
|
|
|
|
|
18 |
|
|
0.09 |
|
|
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
0.11 |
|
|
|
|
|
21 |
|
|
0.12 |
|
|
|
|
|
22 |
|
|
0.13 |
|
|
|
|
|
23 |
|
|
0.14 |
|
|
|
|
|
24 |
|
|
0.15 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 |
|
|
0.16 |
|
|
|
|
|
27 |
|
|
0.18 |
|
|
|
|
|
28 |
|
|
0.19 |
|
|
|
|
|
29 |
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
30 |
|
|
0.21 |
|
|
|
|
|
31 |
|
|
0.22 |
|
|
|
|
|
32 |
|
|
0.23 |
|
|
|
|
|
33 |
|
|
0.24 |
|
|
|
|
|
34 |
|
|
0.25 |
|
|
|
|
|
35 |
|
|
0.26 |
|
|
|
|
|
36 |
|
|
0.27 |
|
|
|
|
|
37 |
|
|
0.28 |
|
|
|
|
|
38 |
|
|
0.29 |
|
|
|
|
|
39 |
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
40 |
|
|
0.31 |
|
|
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
0.32 |
|
|
|
|
|
42 |
|
|
0.33 |
|
|
|
|
|
43 |
|
|
0.34 |
|
|
|
|
|
44 |
|
|
0.35 |
|
|
|
|
|
45 |
|
|
0.36 |
|
|
|
|
|
46 |
|
|
0.37 |
|
|
|
|
|
47 |
|
|
0.38 |
|
|
|
|
|
48 |
|
|
0.39 |
|
|
|
|
|
49 |
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
50 |
|
|
0.41 |
|
|
|
|
|
51 |
|
|
0.42 |
|
|
|
|
|
52 |
|
|
0.43 |
|
|
|
|
|
53 |
|
|
0.44 |
|
|
|
|
|
54 |
|
|
0.45 |
|
|
|
|
|
55 |
|
|
0.46 |
|
|
|
|
|
56 |
|
|
0.47 |
|
|
|
|
|
57 |
|
|
0.48 |
|
|
|
|
|
58 |
|
|
0.49 |
|
|
|
|
|
59 |
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
60 |
|
|
0.51 |
|
|
|
|
|
61 |
|
|
0.52 |
|
|
|
|
|
62 |
|
|
0.53 |
|
|
|
|
|
63 |
|
|
0.54 |
|
|
|
|
|
64 |
|
|
0.55 |
|
|
|
|
|
65 |
|
|
0.56 |
|
|
|
|
|
66 |
|
|
0.57 |
|
|
|
|
|
67 |
|
|
0.58 |
|
|
|
|
|
68 |
|
|
0.59 |
|
|
|
|
|
69 |
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
70 |
|
|
0.61 |
|
|
|
|
|
71 |
|
|
0.62 |
|
|
|
|
|
72 |
|
|
0.63 |
|
|
|
|
|
73 |
|
|
0.64 |
|
|
|
|
|
74 |
|
|
0.65 |
|
|
|
|
|
75 |
|
|
0.66 |
|
|
|
|
|
77 |
|
|
0.68 |
|
|
|
|
|
78 |
|
|
0.69 |
|
|
|
|
|
79 |
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
80 |
|
|
0.71 |
|
|
|
|
|
82 |
|
|
0.73 |
|
|
|
|
|
83 |
|
|
0.74 |
|
|
|
|
|
84 |
|
|
0.75 |
|
|
|
|
|
85 |
|
|
0.76 |
|
|
|
|
|
86 |
|
|
0.77 |
|
|
|
|
|
87 |
|
|
0.78 |
|
|
|
|
|
88 |
|
|
0.79 |
|
|
|
|
|
89 |
|
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
90 |
|
|
0.81 |
|
|
|
|
|
91 |
|
|
0.82 |
|
|
|
|
|
92 |
|
|
0.83 |
|
|
|
|
|
93 |
|
|
0.84 |
|
|
|
|
|
94 |
|
|
0.85 |
|
|
|
|
|
95 |
|
|
0.86 |
|
|
|
|
|
96 |
|
|
0.87 |
|
|
|
|
|
97 |
|
|
0.88 |
|
|
|
|
|
98 |
|
|
0.89 |
|
|
|
|
|
99 |
|
|
0.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
0.91 |
|
|
|
|
|
101 |
|
|
0.92 |
|
|
|
|
|
102 |
|
|
0.93 |
|
|
|
|
|
103 |
|
|
0.94 |
|
|
|
|
|
104 |
|
|
0.95 |
|
|
|
|
|
105 |
|
|
0.96 |
|
|
|
|
|
106 |
|
|
0.97 |
|
|
|
|
|
107 |
|
|
0.98 |
|
|
|
|
|
108 |
|
|
0.99 |
|
|
|
|
|
109 |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
110 |
|
|
1.01 |
|
|
|
|
|
111 |
|
|
1.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
112 |
|
|
1.03 |
|
|
|
|
|
113 |
|
|
1.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
114 |
|
|
1.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
115 |
|
|
1.06 |
|
|
|
|
|
116 |
|
|
1.07 |
|
|
|
|
|
117 |
|
|
1.08 |
|
|
|
|
|
118 |
|
|
1.09 |
|
|
|
|
|
119 |
|
|
1.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
120 |
|
|
1.11 |
|
|
|
|
|
121 |
|
|
1.12 |
|
|
|
|
|
122 |
|
|
1.13 |
|
|
|
|
|
123 |
|
|
1.14 |
|
|
|
|
|
124 |
|
|
1.15 |
|
|
|
|
|
127 |
|
|
1.17 |
|
|
|
|
|
128 |
|
|
1.18 |
|
|
|
|
|
129 |
|
|
1.19 |
|
|
|
|
|
131 |
|
|
1.21 |
|
|
|
|
|
132 |
|
|
1.22 |
|
|
|
|
|
133 |
|
|
1.23 |
|
|
|
|
|
134 |
|
|
1.24 |
|
|
|
|
|
135 |
|
|
1.25 |
|
|
|
|
|
136 |
|
|
1.26 |
|
|
|
|
|
137 |
|
|
1.27 |
|
|
|
|
|
138 |
|
|
1.28 |
|
|
|
|
|
139 |
|
|
1.29 |
|
|
|
|
|
140 |
|
|
1.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
141 |
|
|
1.31 |
|
|
|
|
|
142 |
|
|
1.32 |
|
|
|
|
|
144 |
|
|
1.34 |
|
|
|
|
|
145 |
|
|
1.35 |
|
|
|
|
|
146 |
|
|
1.36 |
|
|
|
|
|
147 |
|
|
1.37 |
|
|
|
|
|
148 |
|
|
1.38 |
|
|
|
|
|
149 |
|
|
1.39 |
|
|
|
|
|
150 |
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
151 |
|
|
1.41 |
|
|
|
|
|
152 |
|
|
1.42 |
|
|
|
|
|
154 |
|
|
1.44 |
|
|
|
|
|
155 |
|
|
1.45 |
|
|
|
|
|
156 |
|
|
1.46 |
|
|
|
|
|
157 |
|
|
1.47 |
|
|
|
|
|
158 |
|
|
1.48 |
|
|
|
|
|
159 |
|
|
1.49 |
|
|
|
|
|
160 |
|
|
1.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
161 |
|
|
1.51 |
|
|
|
|
|
162 |
|
|
1.52 |
|
|
|
|
|
164 |
|
|
1.54 |
|
|
|
|
|
165 |
|
|
1.55 |
|
|
|
|
|
166 |
|
|
1.56 |
|
|
|
|
|
167 |
|
|
1.57 |
|
|
|
|
|
168 |
|
|
1.58 |
|
|
|
|
|
169 |
|
|
1.59 |
|
|
|
|
|
170 |
|
|
1.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
171 |
|
|
1.61 |
|
|
|
|
|
172 |
|
|
1.62 |
|
|
|
|
|
173 |
|
|
1.63 |
|
|
|
|
|
174 |
|
|
1.64 |
|
|
|
|
|
175 |
|
|
1.65 |
|
|
|
|
|
176 |
|
|
1.66 |
|
|
|
|
|
177 |
|
|
1.67 |
|
|
|
|
|
178 |
|
|
1.68 |
|
|
|
|
|
179 |
|
|
1.69 |
|
|
|
|
|
180 |
|
|
1.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
181 |
|
|
1.71 |
|
|
|
|
|
182 |
|
|
1.72 |
|
|
|
|
|
183 |
|
|
1.73 |
|
|
|
|
|
184 |
|
|
1.74 |
|
|
|
|
|
185 |
|
|
1.75 |
|
|
|
|
|
186 |
|
|
1.76 |
|
|
|
|
|
187 |
|
|
1.77 |
|
|
|
|
|
188 |
|
|
1.78 |
|
|
|
|
|
189 |
|
|
1.79 |
|
|
|
|
|
190 |
|
|
1.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
191 |
|
|
1.81 |
|
|
|
|
|
192 |
|
|
1.82 |
|
|
|
|
|
193 |
|
|
1.83 |
|
|
|
|
|
195 |
|
|
1.85 |
|
|
|
|
|
196 |
|
|
1.86 |
|
|
|
|
|
197 |
|
|
1.87 |
|
|
|
|
|
198 |
|
|
1.88 |
|
|
|
|
|
199 |
|
|
1.89 |
|
|
|
|
|
200 |
|
|
1.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
201 |
|
|
1.91 |
|
|
|
|
|
202 |
|
|
1.92 |
|
|
|
|
|
203 |
|
|
1.93 |
|
|
|
|
|
204 |
|
|
1.94 |
|
|
|
|
|
205 |
|
|
1.95 |
|
|
|
|
|
206 |
|
|
1.96 |
|
|
|
|
|
207 |
|
|
1.97 |
|
|
|
|
|
208 |
|
|
1.98 |
|
|
|
|
|
209 |
|
|
1.99 |
|
|
|
|
|
210 |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
211 |
|
|
2.01 |
|
|
|
|
|
212 |
|
|
2.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
213 |
|
|
2.03 |
|
|
|
|
|
214 |
|
|
2.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
215 |
|
|
2.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
216 |
|
|
2.06 |
|
|
|
|
|
217 |
|
|
2.07 |
|
|
|
|
|
218 |
|
|
2.08 |
|
|
|
|
|
219 |
|
|
2.09 |
|
|
|
|
|
220 |
|
|
2.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
221 |
|
|
2.11 |
|
|
|
|
|
222 |
|
|
2.12 |
|
|
|
|
|
223 |
|
|
2.13 |
|
|
|
|
|
224 |
|
|
2.14 |
|
|
|
|
|
225 |
|
|
2.15 |
|
|
|
|
|
226 |
|
|
2.16 |
|
|
|
|
|
227 |
|
|
2.17 |
|
|
|
|
|
228 |
|
|
2.18 |
|
|
|
|
|
229 |
|
|
2.19 |
|
|
|
|
|
230 |
|
|
2.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
231 |
|
|
2.21 |
|
|
|
|
|
232 |
|
|
2.22 |
|
|
|
|
|
233 |
|
|
2.23 |
|
|
|
|
|
234 |
|
|
2.24 |
|
|
|
|
|
235 |
|
|
2.25 |
|
|
|
|
|
236 |
|
|
2.26 |
|
|
|
|
|
237 |
|
|
2.27 |
|
|
|
|
|
238 |
|
|
2.28 |
|
|
|
|
|
239 |
|
|
2.29 |
|
|
|
|
|
240 |
|
|
2.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
241 |
|
|
2.31 |
|
|
|
|
|
242 |
|
|
2.32 |
|
|
|
|
|
243 |
|
|
2.33 |
|
|
|
|
|
244 |
|
|
2.34 |
|
|
|
|
|
245 |
|
|
2.35 |
|
|
|
|
|
246 |
|
|
2.36 |
|
|
|
|
|
247 |
|
|
2.37 |
|
|
|
|
|
248 |
|
|
2.38 |
|
|
|
|
|
249 |
|
|
2.39 |
|
|
|
|
|
250 |
|
|
2.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
251 |
|
|
2.41 |
|
|
|
|
|
252 |
|
|
2.42 |
|
|
|
|
|
253 |
|
|
2.43 |
|
|
|
|
|
254 |
|
|
2.44 |
|
|
|
|
|
255 |
|
|
2.45 |
|
|
|
|
|
256 |
|
|
2.46 |
|
|
|
|
|
257 |
|
|
2.47 |
|
|
|
|
|
258 |
|
|
2.48 |
|
|
|
|
|
259 |
|
|
2.49 |
|
|
|
|
|
260 |
|
|
2.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
261 |
|
|
2.51 |
|
|
|
|
|
262 |
|
|
2.52 |
|
|
|
|
|
263 |
|
|
2.53 |
|
|
|
|
|
264 |
|
|
2.54 |
|
|
|
|
|
265 |
|
|
2.55 |
|
|
|
|
|
266 |
|
|
2.56 |
|
|
|
|
|
267 |
|
|
2.57 |
|
|
|
|
|
268 |
|
|
2.58 |
|
|
|
|
|
269 |
|
|
2.59 |
|
|
|
|
|
270 |
|
|
2.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
271 |
|
|
2.61 |
|
|
|
|
|
272 |
|
|
2.62 |
|
|
|
|
|
273 |
|
|
2.63 |
|
|
|
|
|
274 |
|
|
2.64 |
|
|
|
|
|
275 |
|
|
2.65 |
|
|
|
|
|
276 |
|
|
2.66 |
|
|
|
|
|
277 |
|
|
2.67 |
|
|
|
|
|
278 |
|
|
2.68 |
|
|
|
|
|
279 |
|
|
2.69 |
|
|
|
|
|
280 |
|
|
2.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
281 |
|
|
2.71 |
|
|
|
|
|
282 |
|
|
2.72 |
|
|
|
|
|
283 |
|
|
2.73 |
|
|
|
|
|
284 |
|
|
2.74 |
|
|
|
|
|
285 |
|
|
2.75 |
|
|
|
|
|
286 |
|
|
2.76 |
|
|
|
|
|
287 |
|
|
2.77 |
|
|
|
|
|
288 |
|
|
2.78 |
|
|
|
|
|
289 |
|
|
2.79 |
|
|
|
|
|
290 |
|
|
2.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
291 |
|
|
2.81 |
|
|
|
|
|
292 |
|
|
2.82 |
|
|
|
|
|
293 |
|
|
2.83 |
|
|
|
|
|
294 |
|
|
2.84 |
|
|
|
|
|
295 |
|
|
2.85 |
|
|
|
|
|
296 |
|
|
2.86 |
|
|
|
|
|
297 |
|
|
2.87 |
|
|
|
|
|
298 |
|
|
2.88 |
|
|
|
|
|
299 |
|
|
2.89 |
|
|
|
|
|
301 |
|
|
2.91 |
|
|
|
|
|
302 |
|
|
2.92 |
|
|
|
|
|
303 |
|
|
2.93 |
|
|
|
|
|
304 |
|
|
2.94 |
|
|
|
|
|
305 |
|
|
2.95 |
|
|
|
|
|
306 |
|
|
2.96 |
|
|
|
|
|
307 |
|
|
2.97 |
|
|
|
|
|
308 |
|
|
2.98 |
|
|
|
|
|
309 |
|
|
2.99 |
|
|
|
|
|
310 |
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|